The populations of American (Anguilla rostrata) and European eels (Anguilla anguilla) have been declining rapidly in the last decades. Organic contaminants are suspected to be one of the possible causes for the decline; however, so far there have been few investigations of the uptake of specific compounds by different life cycle stages (e.g. freshwater or marine stage) and how the contamination patterns develop throughout the eel's life cycle. In the present study we measured concentrations of polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), alternate brominated flame retardants (alternate BFRs) and Dechloranes (Decs) in different life stages of European and American eels to compare the contamination patterns and their development throughout the eel's life cycle. In general, concentrations of flame retardants (FRs) were similar to or higher in American than in European eels, and a greater number of FRs were detected. PBDE congeners that are characteristic of the Penta-PBDE formulation were the most abundant FRs in all adult eels as well as American glass eels. In European glass eels the alternate BFR 2,3-dibromopropy1-2,4,6-tribromophenylether (DPTE) and Dechlorane Plus were the dominating FRs, with average concentrations of 1.1 +/- 0.31 ng g(-1) ww and up to 0.32 ng g(-1) ww respectively. Of the PBDEs BDE-183 was the most abundant congener in European glass eels. Low concentrations (less than 10% of the total contamination) of Tetra and Penta-PBDEs in juvenile European eels indicated that bans of technical Penta-PBDE in the European Union are effective. Enrichment of PBDEs was observed over the life stages of both European and American eels. However, a greater relative contribution of PBDEs to the sum FR contamination in American eels indicated an ongoing exposure to these substances. High contributions of alternate BFRs in juvenile eels indicated an increased use of these substances in recent years. Concentrations seemed to be driven primarily by location, rather than life stage or age. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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机译：在过去的几十年中，美洲鳗鱼（Anguilla rostrata）和欧洲鳗鱼（Anguilla anguilla）的人口迅速减少。有机污染物被怀疑是下降的可能原因之一；但是，迄今为止，很少有研究研究不同生命周期阶段（例如淡水或海洋阶段）对特定化合物的吸收以及在鳗鱼整个生命周期中污染物的形成方式。在本研究中，我们测量了欧洲鳗鱼不同生命阶段中多溴联苯醚（PBDEs），替代溴化阻燃剂（替代BFRs）和十氯烷（Decs）的浓度，以比较鳗鱼整个生命周期中的污染模式及其发展。通常，美国的阻燃剂（FRs）浓度与欧洲鳗相似或更高，并且检测到的阻燃剂数量更多。在所有成年鳗鱼和美洲玻璃鳗中，五溴二苯醚配方的特征是多溴二苯醚同源物是最丰富的FR。在欧洲玻璃鳗中，替代的BFR 2,3-二溴丙炔1-2,4,6-三溴苯醚（DPTE）和Dechlorane Plus是主要的FR，平均浓度为1.1 +/- 0.31 ng g（-1）ww，最高可达分别为0.32 ng g（-1）ww。在多溴二苯醚中，BDE-183是欧洲玻璃鳗中含量最高的同类物。欧洲鳗鱼中低浓度的Tetra和Penta-PBDEs（不到总污染的10％）表明，欧盟禁止使用技术性Penta-PBDEs是有效的。在欧洲和美洲鳗鱼的整个生命周期中都发现了多溴二苯醚的富集。但是，多溴二苯醚对美国鳗鱼总FR污染的相对贡献较大，表明它们持续暴露于这些物质。幼鱼中替代溴化阻燃剂的大量贡献表明，近年来这些物质的使用增加。集中度似乎主要是由地点决定，而不是生活阶段或年龄。 （C）2013 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
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